Description of Date/Khajur in Materia Medica of India
Phoenix Daotylifera, P. Sylvestris.
Habitat Africa Arabia India
Part used. — The fruit(Khajur), juice obtained from the Palm tree trunk(aka toddy).
Vernacular names Afzh. — Khurmaeyabis, Tamr-na-khaL Hind., Bomb. eng. — Khur~ma, khujur, chuhara. Burni. — Swon-pa, iwon. Can.— Ihurjura. Cing. — Invli. Duk.^ — Paynd, khanjur, sandole. Eng. — palm. Guz. — Khajur, dried frutt khiiraK. Malyal. — Kattmla. Khaj. Fers. — Khur-mu, kurjan. Sans. — Khar juraha. Tarn.— Perch chankay. Tel— Kharjurapu chetiu.
Characters, — Dried fruit, cylindrical, drupaceous, and covered with thin brown pedicle; external surface much wrinkled and containing a rich succulent sugary pulp. Within it is imbedded a bony seed ; taste sweet and mucilaginous; no odour; undried fruit is ripe, lumpy and sticky ; pulp juicy. The juice of the wild date palm, boiled down, yield to get or jagary, from which sugar is obtained. It also yields shenda ori!& tlhimitSOA SERRULATE palm wine, commonly known as toddy. This juice is either from the tree or boiled down into sugar or fermented for on, when it gives out a kind of spirit called arak. The inner wood furnishes by boiling a kind of catechu which is formed into square cakes of a uniform texture and of a dark red color which contains Tannin, extractive matter and mucilage.
Constituents — Tannin, extractive, mucilage insoluble
Acitions and its uses — Khajur is nutritive, tonic and diuretic ; used as dessert.
Kharaka is used as an ingredient in various aphrodisiac and tonic confections.
Boiled with milk it is given during convalescence from fevers and small-pox.
The juice or toddy obtained from the stem is a good diuretic.
A spirit known as kajura-no-daru (lagbi) is obtaind by distillation of the firmts.
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1759.Date-palm: kiri_t.i_ andropogon aciculatus (Skt.); kirit.i fruit of the marshy date palm, phoenix paludosa (Skt.); kirir.i_ a tree growing in salt marshes,ceriops canolleana (S.)(CDIAL 3177). kindet a species of date palm (Santali.lex.) ki~_nda_ palm tree, date tree (= H. khajur)(Kur.); i_ntu date-palm, phoenix dactylifera (Ta.)(DEDR 2617). Phoenix peludosa: hintala (Skt.); hental (B.H.Deccan)... found in Bengal and some parts of South India. It is acidulous, seweet, cooling, antiphlogistic, phlegmatic, alleviative of thirst, and beneficial in wind and bile (Indian Materia Medica, p. 946). Phoenix sylvestris: kharijuri, kharjura (Skt.);wild date or toddy palm, date sugar palm (Eng.); khajuri, thalma (H.); khajur (B.); shindi (M.); kharik (G.); indu, ishanchdi, itha (Te.); paerichhu, periaitcham, ichan (Ta.); katenth (Ma.); eechalamara (Ka.); is indigenous to India and is widely cultivated for the sake of its sap. Action: tonic and restorative... Sweet sap obtained by notches cut in the tree is manufactured in gur or jaggery by evaporating the sap... Juice or sugary sap by fermentation and distilling gives a kind of spirit which is used as an intoxicating drink for toddy (tari). Fresh juice called shindi in Marathi, is a cooling beverage... (Indian Materia Medica, p. 946). Phoenix dactylifera, phoenix excelsa: pinda-kharjura (Skt.); edible-date (Eng.); palmier dattier (Fr.); dattelpalm (Ger.); pindakhejur (H.); khajur, kharik (M.); kharakia(G.); gharar-khejur (B.); khajur (P.Konkan.i); khurmal-khushk (Pers.); khurmal-yab-is (Arab.); karjurakaya (Te.); perichchangayi (Ta.); gijjira-hannu, khajjuri, uttatti (Ka.); Habitat: this is a tall palm, a native of North Africa, Egypt, Syria and Arabia, but now cultivated in Sind and the PUnjab, chiefly in the Multan District. 'In Sind, dates are sold in the market in three shapes, viz.: khasoon, luni-kharkun and vanpakyun representing three distinct stages of its development'. Varieties: grown in Rohri of Sind province-- (1) lohar, (2) assuli, (3) thottiar, (4) idulshahi; the first two are very superior... Action: dates are very nutritious, expectorant, aphrodisiac, tonic, demulcent, laxative, diuretic and highly saccharine. (Indian Materia Medica, pp. 943-944).
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